Landscape ecology is not a distinct discipline or simply a branch of ecology, but rather is the synthetic intersection of many related disciplines that focus on the spatial-temporal pattern of the landscape. Risser et al. , 1984 The emergence of landscape ecology as a discipline has catalyzed a shift in paradigms among ecologists, . . . resource managers and land-use planners. Having now seen the faces of spatial pattern and scale . . . we can never go back to the old ways of viewing things. Wiens, 1999 his book presents the perspective of three ecologists on the concepts and Tapplications of landscape ecology, a discipline that has shown expansive growth during the past two decades. Although landscape ecology is a multidis- plinary subject involving components as diverse as economics and sociology, the earth sciences and geography, remote sensing and computer applications, we - cus here on what ecologists need to know about landscapes. Landscape ecology served as the integrating theme of our collaborative research for nearly 15 years, including a 7-year period during which we worked together at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We became acquainted in January 1986 at the first annual United States Landscape Ecology symposium held at the Univ- sity of Georgia and organized by Monica Turner and Frank Golley. Landscape ecology was, at that time, a new subject in the United States. The first U. S.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1. Introduction to Landscape Ecology.
What is Landscape Ecology? Why has Landscape Ecology Emerged as a Distinct Area of Study? The Intellectual Roots of Landscape Ecology. Objectives of this Book. Summary.
2. The Critical Concept of Scale.
Scale Terminology and its Practical Application. Scale Problems. Scale Concepts and Hierarchy Theory. Identifying the 'Right' Scale(s). Reasoning about Scale. Scaling Up. Summary.
3. Introduction to Models.
What's and Why's about Models. Steps in Building a Model. Landscape Models. Caveats in the Use of Models. Summary.
4. Causes of Landscape Pattern.
Abiotic Causes of Landscape Pattern. Biotic Interactions. Human Land Use. Disturbance and Succession. Summary.
5. Quantifying Landscape Pattern.
Why Quantify Pattern? Data used in Landscape Analyses. Caveats for Landscape Pattern Analysis, or 'READ THIS FIRST.' Metric for Quantifying Landscape Pattern. Geostatistics or Spatial Statistics. Summary.
6. Neutral Landscape Models.
Random Maps: the Simplest Neutral Model. Maps with Hierarchical Structure. Fractal Landscapes. Neutral Models Relating Pattern to Process. General Insights from the Use of NLMs. Summary
7. Landscape Disturbance Dynamics.
Disturbance and Disturbance Regimes. Influence of the Landscape on Disturbance Pattern. Influence of Disturbance on Landscape Pattern. Concepts of Landscape Equilibrium. Summary.
8. Organisms and Landscape Pattern.
Conceptual Development of Organisms Space Interactions. Scale-dependent nature of organism responses. Effect of Spatial Pattern on Organisms. Spatially Explicit Population Models. Summary
9. Ecosystem Processes in the Landscape.
Spatial Heterogeneity in Ecosystem Processes. Effects of Landscape Position on Lake Ecosystems. Land-water Interactions. Linking Species and Ecosystems. Searching for General Principles. Summary.
10. Applied Landscape Ecology.
Land Use. Forest Management. Regional Risk Assessment. Continental-scale Monitoring. Summary.
11. Conclusions and Future Directions.
What Have we Learned? Research directions. Conclusion.
Literature cited.
Index.
