Principles of Fermentation and Microbial Metabolism: Introduce the fundamentals of fermentation processes, including anaerobic and aerobic fermentation, and the metabolic pathways involved. Cover essential microbial metabolism principles that drive fermentation, such as glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and electron transport.
Microbial Strains and Genetic Engineering: Explore the selection, optimization, and genetic engineering of microbial strains used in industrial fermentation, including bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. Discuss strain improvement techniques to enhance productivity, yield, and resistance to environmental conditions.
Bioprocess Design and Fermentation Technology: Examine the key aspects of bioprocess design, including fermenter types (e. g. , batch, fed-batch, continuous), bioreactor design, and scale-up processes. Cover process parameters like pH, temperature, and oxygen levels that impact microbial growth and product formation.
Applications in Food, Pharmaceuticals, and Biofuels: Discuss the diverse applications of fermentation in producing foods (e. g. , dairy, alcoholic beverages), pharmaceuticals (e. g. , antibiotics, insulin), and biofuels (e. g. , ethanol, biogas). Highlight the specific microbial processes and products unique to each industry.
Advances and Challenges in Fermentation Biotechnology: Address recent advancements in fermentation technology, such as the use of synthetic biology, bioprocess automation, and green fermentation techniques. Discuss the challenges of scaling fermentation processes, regulatory issues, and sustainability considerations in the biotechnology industry.
