Contrast Media

General Issues: Classification and Terminology. - Requests for Imaging using contrast agents: What information must be provided. - Off-label use of medicines: legal aspects. - Off-label use of contrast media: practical aspects. - Pharmacovigilance: When to report adverse reactions to contrast media. - What is required to get the authorities to approve a new contrast medium? . - A critical review of meta-analysis of adverse events after contrast media. - Iodine- and Gadolinium-Based Contrast Media: General Adverse Reactions: Acute adverse reactions to contrast media: Mechanisms and prevention. - Iodine-based contrast medium temperature and adverse reactions. - Management of acute adverse reactions to contrast media. - Renal Adverse reactions: Chronic kidney disease, serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). - Contrast medium-induced nephropathy. - Dialysis and contrast media. - Other adverse effects: Pregnancy and lactation: intravascular use of contrast media. - Pheochromocytoma and contrast media. - Contrast media and interactions with other drugs and clinical tests. - Contrast media extravasation injury. - Iodine-based contrast media: Late adverse reactions to iodine-based contrast media. - Effects of iodine-based contrast media on blood and endothelium. - Effects of iodine-based contrast media on thyroid function. - Pulmonary effects of iodine-based contrast media. - MRcontrast media: Gadolinium chelates and stability. - Diagnostic efficacy of gadolinium-based contrast media. - Radiography with gadolinium-based contrast media. - Acute adverse reactions to gadolinium-based contrast media. - Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and gadolinium- based contrast media. - Organ specific gadolinium-based contrast media. - Ultrasonographic Contrast media. - Barium Preparations: Barium preparations: safety issues. - Pediatric use of Contrast Media: Contrast media use in pediatrics: Safety issues. - Appendix: ESUR Guidelines on Contrast Media Version 8. 1. - Official publications from the Contrast Media Safety Committee of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology.