The commercial exploitation of children is a global crisis (Rahman, 2011; Svensson, 2006). However, media outlets and sociological researchers have successfully situated the problem as a primarily Asian, South American, or Eastern European concern. In the process, the exploitation of children in the United States has largely been ignored. The continued trafficking of international youth into this country, coupled with the growing rate at which American born children are targeted by interstate sex traffickers, speaks to the urgency with which the domestic exploitation of children must be addressed (Walker-Rodriguez & Hill, 2011). In fact, research suggests that an average of 250, 000 American children and adolescents are at risk of commercial exploitation each year (Estes & Weiner, 2001). Further, there are indications that current data vastly underestimate the actual numbers of vulnerable and victimized youth (Chase & Statham, 2005). According to the U. S. Department of Justice (2007), no systematic efforts have been made to examine the commercial exploitation of children in this country. The low visibilities of the crime, combined with the inherent vulnerability of the victims, have facilitated the continued victimization of these children. The purpose of this book is to provide a critical analysis of the domestic, commercial exploitation of children. A careful explanation of the differing forms of commercial exploitation of children, victim and offender characteristics, and the mechanisms which maintain the problem will assist health care providers, researchers, and law enforcement in their efforts with this marginalized and understudied population. The authors begin with a comprehensive review of extant literature in this area. Additionally, case studies of child sexual exploitation are included to further illustrate the severity, complexity, and depravity of commercial exploitation in real life cases.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Introduction. - Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. - Victimology. - Domestic Victims. - Male Victims. - International Victims. - Child Trafficking. - Offender Characteristics. - Mechanism of Child Trafficking. - Case Example 1: Sex Trafficking Risk Factors. - Child Prostitution. - Offender Characteristics. - Mechanism of Forced Prostitution. - Case Example 2: Methods of Victimization by Child Prostitution. - Pornography. - Offender Characteristics. - Mechanism of Pornography. - Case Example 3: Consumer, Trader, and Distributor of Child Pornography. - Case Example 4: Offender Networks. - Sex Tourism. - Offender Characteristic. - Mechanism of Sex Tourism. - Case Example 5: The Preferential Sexual Tourist. - Case Example 6: The Repeat Tourist. - Sex Traveler/Enticer. - Offender Characteristics. - Mechanism of Sex Traveling. - Case Example 7: The Enticement/Grooming Process of a Traveler. - Case Example 8: Luring Behaviors of a Traveler. - CSEC Legislation. - Legislative History. - Current Federal Laws Used to Prosecute CSEC Offenders. - Conclusion.
