Water is major natural resource used for many domestic and industrial tasks. Water resources cover approximately 70-75% of Earth's surface. However, 7only 2.5% is freshwater suitable for human consumption. Only 0.5% is available as groundwater and 0.01% as surface water in lakes, streams, and rivers that can be easily accessed. This small volume of water is used for many purposes such as drinking, transportation, heating and cooling, industry, etc., by the human population. In India, water scarcity problems are because of rapid population growth, lack of water treatment facilities, and lack of investment funds. At present, only about 10% of the wastewater is treated, and the rest is discharged into water bodies with no proper treatment, which consequently pollute water bodies. Recycling the wastewater in an effective manner to fulfill the increasing water demand and protect the health of water bodies is an essential requirement.
