This Companion provides an overview of European history during the "long" nineteenth century, from 1789 to 1914. Consisting of 32 chapters written by leading international scholars, it balances coverage of political, diplomatic, and international history with discussion of economic, social, and cultural concerns. The volume is divided into six parts, exploring the idea of "Europeanness" and the construction of European identity; the transition from an agricultural society to one based on industrial production and international trade; political developments, including the "age of revolution," labor movements, and the role of state and nation; intellectual history, for example the new ideologies of liberalism and socialism; themes in cultural history, such as literacy, science, policing, and sexuality; and the development of the international system of great powers, and the related questions of war, empire, and colonialism. Throughout, the contributors cover both Eastern and Western European states, including Britain, and pay considerable attention to smaller countries as well as to the great powers. They also explicitly compare particular phenomena and developments across Europe as a whole.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
List of Figures viii
Notes on Contributors x
Maps xiv
Introduction xvii
Stefan Berger
Part I The Idea of "Europeanness" and the Construction of European Identity 1
1 Insiders and Outsiders: Borders in Nineteenth-Century Europe 3
Bo Strå th
2 Visual Representations of Europe in the Nineteenth Century: The Age of Nationalism and Imperialism 11
Michael Wintle
Part II Agriculture, Industry, and Social Change 29
3 Rural Society and Agricultural Revolution 31
Hamish Graham
4 Industrial Revolution, Commerce, and Trade 44
Robert Lee
5 Demography, Urbanization, and Migration 56
Robert Lee
6 Lords and Peasants 70
Carl Levy
7 Bourgeois Society 86
Pamela Pilbeam
8 The Disappearance of the Traditional Artisan 98
James R. Farr
9 The Social Condition of the Working Class 109
Jutta Schwarzkopf
Part III Political Developments 123
10 Revolutions and Revolutionaries: Histories, Concepts, and Myths 125
Sharif Gemie
11 The Rise of the Modern Leviathan: State Functions and State Features 137
Jö rn Leonhard
12 The Democratic Experience 149
John Garrard
13 Labor Movements 164
Stefan Berger
14 National Movements 178
Stefan Berger
15 The "Woman Question" 193
Kathleen Canning
Part IV Intellectual Developments and Religion 209
16 Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Conservatism, and Socialism 211
Edmund Neill
17 Social Darwinism and Race 224
Mike Hawkins
18 The Age of Catholic Revival 236
Oded Heilbronner
19 Protestantism 248
Anthony J. Steinhoff
20 Orthodoxy 262
Shane P. O'Rourke
21 The Jews: A European Minority 274
David Rechter
Part V Cultural Developments 289
22 European Culture in the Nineteenth Century 291
James A. Winders
23 Schooling: Culture and the State 304
Sharif Gemie
24 The Age of Historism 316
Matthew Jefferies
25 The Century of Science 333
Kathryn M. Olesko
26 Police and the Law 345
Chris A. Williams
27 The Cultural History of Crime 355
Daniel M. Vyleta
28 Medical Discourses 369
John C. Waller
29 Sexuality 382
Ivan Crozier
Part VI The International System, Colonialism, and War 399
30 Restrained Competition: International Relations 401
William Mulligan
31 War 417
Ute Frevert
32 Colonialism 432
Trutz von Trotha
Bibliography 449
Index 499
