Young Adolescents' Leisure

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of Contents.
- 1: Young adolescents and their leisure.
- 1.1 Introduction.
- 1.2 Position of the present study within contemporary discourses on childhood and youth.- The developmental psychological and socialization theoretical discourse.- The childhood and youth sociological discourse.
- 1.3 Contemporary sociological debates on the leisure of young adolescents.- Leisure Activities.- Parents.- Peers.- Social Exclusion.
- 1.4 Research questions and research context.
- 1.5 The structure of the present study.
- 2: Method.
- 2.1 Introduction.- I Methodological considerations.
- 2.2 Cross-cultural research.- Construct bias.- Method bias.- Item bias.
- 2.3 Cross-sectional age research.- II The implementation of the present study.
- 2.4 The survey.- Family relations.- Leisure activities.- Peer relations.
- 2.5 Translation issues.
- 2.6 Sample and administration procedure.
- 2.7 Methods of analyses.
- 2.8 Conclusion.- The translation process: Meaning equivalence.- Construct equivalence.- Sample and procedure equivalence.- Wording: Child and adolescent speech.- and layout.- Researchers present.
- 3: The leisure patterns of young adolescents.
- 3.1 Introduction.
- 3.2 Leisure research in the Netherlands: A bird's-eye view.- Social-pedagogical leisure studies: The role of social status.- Sociologically oriented quantitative leisure studies: The role of age and gender.- Social-ecological leisure studies: The leisure of pre-adolescents and adolescents.- Childhood sociological studies: The transition from childhood into adolescence.
- 3.3 The German parallel study.
- 3.4 Research questions and expectations.
- 3.5 Results.- Unorganized activities.- Area 1:The street-computer area.- Area 2: The cultural area.- Area 3: The youth-cultural-cultural area.- Area 4: The youth-cultural-street-computer area.- Organized activities.- Organized activities on weekdays.- Organized weekend activities.- Organized and unorganized activities.- Area 1: many unorganized- few organized activities.- Area 2: many unorganized-many organized activities.- Area 3: few unorganized-many organized activities.- Area 4: few unorganized-few organized activities.- Leisure clubs.- Leisure stress and parental help.
- 3.6 Discussion and cross-cultural comparison.- Cross-cultural comparison.- Organized activities.- Unorganized activities.- Area 1: street-computer area.- Area 2: the cultural area.- Area 3: The youth-cultural-cultural area.- Area 4: The youth-cultural-street-computer area.- Appendix to chapter 3.
- 4: The role of parents and peers in the leisure activities of young adolescents.
- 4.1 Introduction.
- 4.2 Theoretical approaches in leisure and peer studies.- Structural-functionalism: The role of age.- Sub-cultural studies: The role of gender and social class.- Childhood sociology: The role of parents and peers.
- 4.3 Research questions and expectations.
- 4.4 Results.- Area 1: The family-peer group area.- Area 2: The single-family area.- Area 3: The single-friendship area.- Area 4: The peer group-friendship area.- Parental interference in children's leisure.
- 4.5 Discussion and cross-cultural comparison.- Cross-cultural comparison.- Area 3: the single-friendship area.- Area 4: the peer group-friendship area.- Appendix to chapter 4.
- 5: Parent-child relationships in early adolescence.
- 5.1 Introduction.
- 5.2 Empirical research on the parent-child relationship in the Netherlands.- The immediate social surroundings.- The broader social context.
- 5.3 The German parallel study.- Parent-centeredness of everyday life.- Parental consideration of children's wishes and interests.- Parental attentiveness to children's conduct.- Parental disciplinary actions.- Children's strategies of perseverance.- Parent-centeredness of everyday life.- Parental consideration of children's wishes and interests.- Parental attentiveness to children's conduct.- Parental disciplinary actions.- Children's strategies of perseverance.
- 5.4 Research questions and expectations.
- 5.5 Results.- Comparing component solutions: Methodological aspects.- Comparing component solutions: Content-analytical aspects.- Parent-centeredness of everyday life.- Parental consideration of children's wishes a interests (child orientation).- Parental attentiveness to children's conduct.- Parental disciplinary actions.- Children's strategies of perseverance.- Parental interference in leisure activity choices.
- 5.6 Discussion.- Appendix to chapter 5: Dutch and German component loadings.
- 6: Discussion and conclusions.
- 6.1 Introduction.
- 6.2 Theoretical gain and pedagogical relevance of the present study.
- 6.2.1 Main conclusions: Three theoretical notions.- Leisure "pre-programming": The backseat generation?.- The advancement of adolescence: Precocious kids?.- Child orientation: Attentive negotiation-directed parents.- Cross-cultural comparison: Cultural characteristics.
- 6.2.2 Empirical-based conceptual patterns.- Pattern 1: The Leisure Explorers.- Pattern 2: The Leisure Learners.- Pattern 3: The Leisure Consumers.- Pattern 4: The Leisure Combiners.
- 6.3 Recommendations for future research.- References.