Balkan Yearbook of European and International Law 2025

The focus section of the BYEIL 2025 is devoted to the special topic: Digital Platforms and Ethical Considerations. Digital platforms have become an integral part of our daily lives, expanding our options of services and online content, boosting productivity, and facilitating citizens participation. However, their significant market power raises ethical concerns that need to be addressed. The chapters in this section explore the ethical challenges connected with the use of digital platforms, both from public law and private law perspective. The covered topics include the intersection of anti-discrimination law and platform regulation in the context of online housing advertising, the ethical and legal implications of the pay-or-consent model in digital markets, and the impact of withdrawing consent for the processing of personal data on the validity of contract for the supply of digital content and digital services.

The two permanent sections on European Law and International Law are focused on recent developments in these highly dynamic and developing areas and are intended to serve as a forum for scholarly discourse on these topics from the South-East European perspective.

Part I Digital Platforms and Ethical Considerations:
Discrimination in Online Housing Advertising: The Intersection of Anti-Discrimination Law and Platform Regulation
by Matija Damjan and Lucija Strojan
. - The Ethical and Legal Implications of the " Pay-or-Consent" Model in Digital Markets
by Arletta Gorecka
. - The Impact of Withdrawing Consent for the Processing of Personal Data on the Fate of Contract for the Supply of Digital Content and Digital Services
by Nikolina Miš evi and Slobodan Midorovi
. -
Part II European Law:
Modified Acceptance of an Offer in International and European Contract Law: Restating the `Mirror-Image Doctrine
by Nenad Gavrilovi
. - The Limits of Regulatory Protection under UTP Directive: Reframing Enforcement to Ensure Compensatory Commercial Justice and Contract Enforcement
by Iva Grgi
. - Construing Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure in EU Law: Normative and Institutional Implications for Cybersecurity Governance
by Marija Vlajkovi and Jelisaveta Tasev
. - The Notion of Agricultural Enterprise and the Application of the Italian Insolvency and Over-Indebtedness Framework in Light of the EU Insolvency Directive
by Beatrice La Porta
. - Sustainability in EU Geographical Indications Law: Assessing the Impact of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 as amended by Regulation (EU) No 2021/2117
by Harun Lozo
. -
Part III International Law:
Class Action Versus Representative Action: Are We Facing the Gradual Harmonisation Between American and European Model of Collective Consumer Actions?
by Slobodan Vukadinovi and Jovana Popovi
. - A Comparative Analysis of the Limitations of Appeal in Civil Procedure: Reflections of the De Minimis Principle
by Marko S. Kneževi
.