The? rsteditionofthistextappearedin1994. Shortlyafterthethirdprinting, our editor suggested that we attempt a second edition because new devel- mentsinstellarstructureandevolutionhadmadeouroriginalworkoutdated. We (the original authors, CJH and SDK) reluctantly agreed but with res- vations due to the e? ort involved. Our initial reluctance disappeared when we were able to convince (cajole, twist the arm of, etc.) our new coauth- colleague Virginia Trimble to join us. (Welcome Virginia!) We (i. e. , all three of us) hope that you agree that the present edition is a great improvement compared to the 1994 e? ort. Our objectives in this edition are the same ones we set forth in 1994: Whatyouwill? ndisatextdesignedforourtargetaudience:thety- cal senior undergraduate or beginning graduate student in astronomy or astrophysics who wishes an overview of stellar structure and e- lution with just enough detail to understand the general picture. She or he can go on from there to more specialized texts or directly to the research literature depending on talent and interests. To this end, this text presents the basic physical principles without chasing all the (interesting!) details. For those of you familiar with the ? rst edition, you will ? nd that some things have not been changed substantially (F = ma is still F = ma), while othersde? nitelyhave. Forexample, Chapter2hasbeencompletelyrewritten.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 Preliminaries. - 1. 1 Hydrostatic Equilibrium. - 1. 2 An Energy Principle. - 1. 3 The Virial Theorem and Its Applications. - 1. 4 The Constant-Density Model. - 1. 5 Energy Generation and Transport. - 1. 6 Stellar Dimensional Analysis. - 1. 7 Evolutionary Lifetimes on the Main Sequence. - 1. 8 The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram. - 1. 9 Summary Remarks. - 1. 10 Exercises. - 1. 11 References and Suggested Readings. - 2 An Overview of Stellar Evolution. - 2. 1 Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). - 2. 2 The Zero-Age Main Sequence (ZAMS). - 2. 3 Leaving the Main Sequence. - 2. 4 Red Giants and Supergiants. - 2. 5 Helium Flash or Fizzle. - 2. 6 Later Phases, Initial Masses M ? 6? 10 M? . - 2. 7 Advanced Phases, Initial Masses M ? 6? 10 M? . - 2. 8 Core Collapse and Nucleosynthesis. - 2. 9 Variable Stars: A Brief Overview. - 2. 10 Pulsational Variables. - 2. 11 Explosive Variables. - 2. 12 White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes. - 2. 13 Binary Stars. - 2. 14 Star Formation. - 2. 15 Supplemental Material. - 2. 16 Exercises. - 2. 17 References and Suggested Readings. - 3 Equations of State. - 3. 1 Distribution Functions. - 3. 2 Blackbody Radiation. - 3. 3 Ideal Monatomic Gas. - 3. 4 The Saha Equation. - 3. 5 Fermi-Dirac Equations of State. - 3. 6 Almost Perfect Equations of State. - 3. 7 Adiabatic Exponents and Other Derivatives. - 3. 8 Exercises. - 3. 9 References and Suggested Readings. - 4 Radiative and Conductive Heat Transfer. - 4. 1 Radiative Transfer. - 4. 2 The Diffusion Equation. - 4. 3 A Simple Atmosphere. - 4. 4 Radiative Opacity Sources. - 4. 5 Heat Transfer by Conduction. - 4. 6 Tabulated Opacities. - 4. 7 Some Observed Spectra. - 4. 8 Line Profiles and the Curve of Growth. - 4. 9 Exercises. - 4. 10 References and Suggested Readings. - 5 Heat Transfer by Convection. - 5. 1 The Mixing Length Theory. - 5. 2 Variations on the MLT. - 5. 3 HydrodynamicCalculations. - 5. 4 Exercises. - 5. 5 References and Suggested Readings. - 6 Stellar Energy Sources. - 6. 1 Gravitational Energy Sources. - 6. 2 Thermonuclear Energy Sources. - 6. 3 The Proton-Proton Chains. - 6. 4 The Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen Cycles. - 6. 5 Helium-Burning Reactions. - 6. 6 Carbon, Neon, and Oxygen Burning. - 6. 7 Silicon Burning . - 6. 8 Neutrino Emission Mechanisms. - 6. 9 Exercises. - 6. 10 References and Suggested Readings. - 7 Stellar Modeling. - 7. 1 The Equations of Stellar Structure. - 7. 2 Polytropic Equations of State and Polytropes. - 7. 3 The Approach to Real Models. - 7. 4 Exercises. - 7. 5 References and Suggested Readings. - 8 Asteroseismology. - 8. 1 Adiabatic Radial Pulsations. - 8. 2 Nonadiabatic Radial Motions. - 8. 3 An Introduction to Nonradial Oscillations. - 8. 4 Exercises. - 8. 5 References and Suggested Readings. - 9 Structure and Evolution of the Sun. - 9. 1 Vital Statistics of the Sun. - 9. 2 From the ZAMS to the Present. - 9. 3 The Solar Neutrino Problem . - 9. 4 The Role of Rotation in Evolution. - 9. 5 Helioseismology. - 9. 6 References and Suggested Readings. - 10 Structure and Evolution of White Dwarfs. - 10. 1 Observed Properties of White Dwarfs. - 10. 2 White Dwarf Evolution. - 10. 3 The Magnetic White Dwarfs. - 10. 4 The Variable White Dwarfs. - 10. 5 Exercises. - 10. 6 References and Suggested Readings. - A Mini Stellar Glossary. - B Table of Symbols and Physical Constants. - C List of Journal Abbreviations.
