This volume presents Einstein's writings from the final period of his work in Switzerland. Most of the material in Volume 4 documents Einstein's search for a relativistic theory of gravitation, a search that ended in Berlin in the fall of 1915 with the completion of the general theory of relativity.
Three scientific manuscripts, printed here for the first time, provide insight into Einstein's efforts to generalize his original relativity theory into a theory of gravitation. The first is a review article on the special theory of relativity. The second consists of notes that document Einstein's research on gravitation. The third manuscript contains calculations on the problem of the motion of the perihelion of Mercury. The explanation of the observed anomaly of this motion was to become one of the classical tests of general relativity. The existence of such a manuscript has not been known before now. All three of these manuscripts, along with other material in this volume, add significantly to our understanding of the creation of general relativity.
This supplementary paperback volue presents only the English translations of non-English materials and is not intended for use without the original-language documentary edition.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Publisher's Foreword ix
Preface xi
List of Texts
1. Manuscript on the Special Theory of Relativity, 1912-1914 3
2. "Thermodynamic Proof of the Law of Photochemical Equivalence," January 1912
"Thermodynamische Begründung des photochemischen Äquivalentgesetzes" Annalen der Physik 37 (1912) 89
3. "The Speed of Light and the Statics of the Gravitational Field," February 1912
"Lichtgeschwindigkeit und Statik des Gravitationsfeldes" Annalen der Physik 38 (1912) 95
4. "On the Theory of the Static Gravitational Field," 23 March 1912, and "Note Added in Proof"
"Zur Theorie des statischen Gravitationsfeldes," and "Nachtrag zur Korrektur" Annalen der Physik 38 (1912) 107
5. "Supplement to My Paper: 'Thermodynamic Proof of the Law of Photochemical Equivalence'," May 1912
"Nachtrag zu meiner Arbeit: 'Thermodynamische Begründung des photochemischen Äquivalentgesetzes'" Annalen der Physik 38 (1912) 121
6. "Response to a Comment by J. Stark: 'On an Application of Planck's Fundamental Law . . .'," 30 May 1912
"Antwort auf eine Bemerkung von J. Stark: 'Über eine Anwendung des Planckschen Elementargesetzes . . .'" Annalen der Physik 38 (1912) 125
7. "Is There a Gravitational Effect Which Is Analogous to electrodynamic Induction?" July 1912
"Gibt es eine Gravitationswirkung, die der elektrodynamischen Induktionswirkung analog ist?" Vierteljahrsschrift für gerichtliche Medizin an öffentliches Sanitätswesen 44 (1912) 126
8. "Relativity and Gravitation. Reply to a Comment by M. Abraham," 4 July 1912
"Relativität und Gravitation. Erwiderung auf eine Bemerkung von M. Abraham" Annalen der Physik 38 (1912) 130
9. Comment on Abraham's Preceding Discussion 'Once Again, Relativity and Gravitation'," August 1912
"Bemerkung zu Abrahams vorangehender Auseinandersetzung 'Nochmals Relativität and Gravitation'" Annalen der Physik 39 (1912) 135
10. Research Notes on a Generalized Theory of Relativity, ca. August 1912 136
11. "Some Arguments for the Assumption of Molecular Agitation at Absolute Zero" (with Otto Stern), December 1912, and "Remark Added in Proof
"Einige Argumente für die Annahme einer molekularen Agitation beim absoluten Nullpunkt" and "Anmerkung bei der Korrektur" Annalen der Physik 40 (1912) 137
12. "Thermodynamic Deduction of the Law of Photochemical Equivalence," 27 March 1913
"Déduction thermodynamique de la loi de l'équivalence photochimique" Journal de physique 3 (1913) 146
13. Outline of a Generalized Theory of Relativity and of a Theory of Gravitation (with Marcel Grossman), before 28 May 1913
Entwurf einer verallgemeinerten Relativitätstheorie und einer Theorie der Gravitation Leipzig: Teubner, 1913 151
14. Einstein and Besso: Manuscript on the Motion of the Perihelion of Mercury, June 1913 189
15. "Theory of Gravitation," 9 September 1913
"Gravitationstheorie" Schweizerische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 96, part 2 (1913) 190
16. "Physical Foundations of a Theory of Gravitation," 9 September 1913
"Physikalische Grundlagen einer Gravitationstheorie" Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich. Vierteljahrsschrift 58 (1914) 192
17. "On the Present State of the Problem of Gravitation," 23 September 1913
"Zum gegenwärtigen Stande des Gravitationsproblems" Physikalische Zeitschrift 14 (1913) 198
18. "Discussion" following lecture version of "On the Present State of the Problem of Gravitation" (Doc. 17), 23 September 1913 Physikalische Zeitschrift 14 (1913) 223
19. Lecture Notes for Course on Electricity and Magnetism at the ETH, Winter Semester 1913/1914 2 October 1913-21 March 1914 231
20. "Theoretical Atomism," before 21 October 1913
"Theoretische Atomistik" Paul Hinneberg, ed. Die Kultur der Gegenwart. Ihre Entwicklung und ihre Ziele. Part 3, sec. 3, vol. 1, Physik, ed. Emil Warburg. Leipzig: Teubner, 1915 232
21. "Theory of Relativity," before 21 October 1913
"Die Relativitätstheorie" Paul Hinneberg, ed. Die Kultur der Gegenwart. Ihre Entwicklung und ihre Ziele. Paul Hinneberg, ed. Part 3, sec. 3, vol. 1, Physik, ed. Emil Warburg, Leipzig: Teubner, 1915 246
22. Discussion remarks following lectures delivered at second Solvay Congress, 27-31 October 1913 264
23. "Max Planck as Scientist," 7 November 1913
"Max Planck als Forscher" Naturwissenschaften 1 (1913) 264
24. "Supplementary Response to a Question by Mr. Reißner," 11 December 1913
"Nachträgliche Antwort auf eine Frage von Herm Reißer" Physikalische Zeitschrift 15 (1914) 276
25. "On the Foundations of the Generalized Theory of Relativity and the Theory of Gravitation," January 1914
"Prinzipielles zur verallgemeinerten Relativitätstheorie und Gravitationstheorie" Physikalische Zeitschrift 15 (1914) 282
26. "Comments" on "Outline of a Generalized Theory of Relativity and of a Theory of Gravitation" (the version of Doc. 13 published as an article in Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik), 30 January 1914
Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik 62 (1914) 289
27. "On the Theory of Gravitation," 9 February 1914
"Zur Theorie der Gravitation" Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich. Vierteljahrsschrift 59. Part 2, Sitzungsberichte (1914) 291
28. "Nordstöm's Theory of Gravitation from the Point of View of the Absolute Differential Calculus" (with Adriaan D. Fokker), 19 February 1914
"Die Nordströmsche Gravitationstheorie vom Standpunkt des absolten Differentialkalküls" Annalen der Physik 44 (1914) 293
29. "Method for the Determination of Statistical Values of Observations Regarding Quantities Subject to Irregular Fluctuations," 28 February 1914
"Méthode pour la détermination de valeurs statistiques d'observations concernant des grandeurs soumises à des fluctuations irrégulières" Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles 37 (1914) 300
30. "A Method for the Statistical Use of Observations of Apparently Irregular, Quasiperiodic processes," after 28 February 1914
"Eine Methode zur statistischen Verwertung von Beobachtungen scheinbar unregelmässig quasiperiodisch verlaufender Vorgänge" 302
31. "On the Relativity Problem," March 1914
"Zum Relativitäts-Problem" Scientia 15 (1914) 306
