TO QUALITY CONTROL 3A CORPORATION Originally printed in Japan as "Dai-3-pan Hinshitsu Kanri Nyumon" (Introduction to Quality Control 3rd Edition) by Kaoru Ishikawa. ©Kaoru Ishikawa 1989, published by JUSE Press Ltd. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 Distributed outside Japan and North America by: CHAPMAN & HALL 2 -6 Boundary Row, London SEl 8HN, UK. ISBN-13: 978-94-011-7690-3 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-011-7688-0 DOl: 10. 1007/978-94-011-7688-0 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. First Printing . . . . . October 1990 Translated by J. H. Loftus Contents Preface XVII Acknowledgment XIX CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS QUALITY CONTROL? 1 1. 1 What is Quality Control? 1 1. 1. 1 The Definition of Quality Control 1. 1. 2 Some Misunderstandings about Quality Control and Total Quality Control 1. 1. 3 The Benefits of Companywide Quality Control 1. 2 The History and Current Status of Quality Control 7 1. 3 Advances in Quality Assurance 13 1. 4 What is Quality? 15 1. 4. 1 Quality to Satisfy the Consumer 1. 4. 2 True Quality Characteristics and Substitute Characteristics; Product Research 1. 4. 3 Quality Analysis and Product Research 1. 4. 4 Clarifying Definitions Concerning Quality 1. 4. 5 What are Good Quality and Good Products? 1. 5 What is Control? 36 1. 5. 1 The Old-Fashioned Approach to Control 1. 5. 2 Control Methods and Philosophy 1. 5. 3 Action for Recurrence Prevention ("Permanent Fix") 1.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 What is quality control? . - 1. 1 What is Quality Control? . - 1. 2 The History and Current Status of Quality Control. - 1. 3 Advances in Quality Assurance. - 1. 4 What is Quality? . - 1. 5 What is Control? . - 1. 6 Controlling Quality. - 1. 7 Quality and Process Improvement. - 1. 8 Statistical Quality Control, Total Quality Control and Technology. - 1. 9 The Ends and Means of Business Management. - 1. 10 QC Circle Activities. - 1. 11 The Introduction and Promotion of TQC. - 1. 12 Methods of Promoting TQC in Individual Departments. - 1. 13 Quality Diagnosis and TQC Diagnosis. - 1. 14 The Role of Executives in TQC 85 Some Quality Control Maxims. - 2 The Statistical Approach, With Some Simple Statistical Tools. - 2. 1 Statistical Methods Used in Quality Control. - 2. 2 The Statistical Approach. - 2. 3 The Different Types of Data. - 2. 4 Expressing Distributions Quantitatively. - 2. 5 Interpreting and Using Frequency Distributions. - 2. 6 Pareto Diagrams and Pareto Curves. - 2. 7 Check Sheets. - 2. 8 Process Capability Diagrams. - 2. 9 Scatter Diagrams (Correlation Diagrams). - 2. 10 What is Error? . - 3 The Preparation And Use Of Control Charts. - 3. 1 What are Control Charts? . - 3. 2 Types of Control Chart. - 3. 3 Preparing Average and Range $$(\bar x - R)$$Control Charts. - 3. 4 Preparing Control Charts for Fraction Defective (p). - 3. 5 Preparing Control Charts for Number of Defectives (pn). - 3. 6 Preparing Control Charts for Number of Defects per Unit (u). - 3. 7 Preparing Control Charts for Number of Defects (c). - 3. 8 Interpreting Control Charts. - 3. 9 Using Control Charts. - 4 Process Analysis and Improvement. - 4. 1 Process Improvement and Control. - 4. 2 Improvement Types and Procedures. - 4. 3 Problem-Finding Investigations. - 4. 4 Deciding What Problems to Tackle. - 4. 5 Organization for Process Analysis and Improvement. - 4. 6 Analyzing Problems and Preparing Improvement Plans. - 4. 7 Examining Process Analysis and Improvement Methods. - 4. 8 Some General Hints on Analysis. - 4. 9 General Procedures for Statistical Analysis. - 4. 10 Performing Factory Experiments. - 4. 11 Process Analysis with Scant Data. - 4. 12 Preparing and Implementing Improvement Plans. - 4. 13 Checking Results: Control and Further Improvement. - 4. 14 Preparing Reports. - 5 Process Control. - 5. 1 What is Process Control? . - 5. 2 Quality Design and Process Design. - 5. 3 Action. - 5. 4 Work Standards and Technical Standards. - 5. 5 Control Levels. - 5. 6 Causes of Abnormalities and Control Standards. - 5. 7 How to Check Whether Good Process Control is Being Implemented. - 5. 8 The Benefits of Control Charts and the Controlled State. - 5. 9 Setting Adjustment Criteria. - 6 Quality Assurance and Inspection. - 6. 1 What is Quality Assurance? . - 6. 2 The Principles of Quality Assurance. - 6. 3 Quality Assurance Methods and Systems. - 6. 4 Why are Defectives Produced? Some Suitable Countermeasures. - 6. 5 Reliability. - 6. 6 Quality Assurance and Social Responsibility (Product Liability and Environmental Disruption by Product). - 6. 7 What is Inspection? . - 6. 8 Inspection Type. - 6. 9 What is Sampling Inspection? . - 6. 10 100% Inspection or Sampling Inspection? . - 6. 11 Process Control or Inspection? . - 6. 12 The Inspection Department. - 6. 13 Inspection Standards and How to Set them. - 6. 14 Complaints Handling and Special Acceptance. - 6. 15 Conclusions. - 7 The Systematic Implementation of Total Quality Control. - 7. 1 Total Quality Control. - 7. 2 The TQC Organization. - 7. 3 TQC Promotion Programs. - 7. 4 Design Control. - 7. 5 Raw Material Control, Subcontractor Control, and TQC for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. - 7. 6 Equipment Control, Jig and Tool Control, and Measurement Control. - 7. 7 TQC in Marketing, Sales, and Service. - 7. 8 TQC and Distribution Organization. - 7. 9 Research and Development Control. - 7. 10 Quality Audits. - 7. 11 Quality Control Audits and TQC Audits. - 7. 12 Policy Management. - 7. 13 Conclusion.
