If you've mastered Python's fundamentals, you're ready to start using it to get real work done. Programming Python will show you how, with in-depth tutorials on the language's primary application domains: system administration, GUIs, and the Web. You'll also explore how Python is used in databases, networking, front-end scripting layers, text processing, and more. This book focuses on commonly used tools and libraries to give you a comprehensive understanding of Python’ s many roles in practical, real-world programming.
You'll learn language syntax and programming techniques in a clear and concise manner, with lots of examples that illustrate both correct usage and common idioms. Completely updated for version 3. x, Programming Python also delves into the language as a software development tool, with many code examples scaled specifically for that purpose.
Topics include:
* Quick Python tour: Build a simple demo that includes data representation, object-oriented programming, object persistence, GUIs, and website basics
* System programming: Explore system interface tools and techniques for command-line scripting, processing files and folders, running programs in parallel, and more
* GUI programming: Learn to use Python’ s tkinter widget library
* Internet programming: Access client-side network protocols and email tools, use CGI scripts, and learn website implementation techniques
* More ways to apply Python: Implement data structures, parse text-based information, interface with databases, and extend and embed Python
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Preface;
"And Now for Something Completely Different. . .";
About This Book;
About This Fourth Edition;
What's Left, Then? ;
Python 3. X Impacts on This Book;
Using Book Examples;
Contacting O'Reilly;
Conventions Used in This Book;
Acknowledgments;
The Beginning;
Chapter 1: A Sneak Preview;
1. 1 "Programming Python: The Short Story";
1. 2 The Task;
1. 3 Step 1: Representing Records;
1. 4 Step 2: Storing Records Persistently;
1. 5 Step 3: Stepping Up to OOP;
1. 6 Step 4: Adding Console Interaction;
1. 7 Step 5: Adding a GUI;
1. 8 Step 6: Adding a Web Interface;
1. 9 The End of the Demo;
System Programming;
Chapter 2: System Tools;
2. 1 "The os. path to Knowledge";
2. 2 System Scripting Overview;
2. 3 Introducing the sys Module;
2. 4 Introducing the os Module;
Chapter 3: Script Execution Context;
3. 1 "I'd Like to Have an Argument, Please";
3. 2 Current Working Directory;
3. 3 Command-Line Arguments;
3. 4 Shell Environment Variables;
3. 5 Standard Streams;
Chapter 4: File and Directory Tools;
4. 1 "Erase Your Hard Drive in Five Easy Steps!";
4. 2 File Tools;
4. 3 Directory Tools;
Chapter 5: Parallel System Tools;
5. 1 "Telling the Monkeys What to Do";
5. 2 Forking Processes;
5. 3 Threads;
5. 4 Program Exits;
5. 5 Interprocess Communication;
5. 6 The multiprocessing Module;
5. 7 Other Ways to Start Programs;
5. 8 A Portable Program-Launch Framework;
5. 9 Other System Tools Coverage;
Chapter 6: Complete System Programs;
6. 1 "The Greps of Wrath";
6. 2 A Quick Game of "Find the Biggest Python File";
6. 3 Splitting and Joining Files;
6. 4 Generating Redirection Web Pages;
6. 5 A Regression Test Script;
6. 6 Copying Directory Trees;
6. 7 Comparing Directory Trees;
6. 8 Searching Directory Trees;
6. 9 Visitor: Walking Directories "++";
6. 10 Playing Media Files;
6. 11 Automated Program Launchers (External);
GUI Programming;
Chapter 7: Graphical User Interfaces;
7. 1 "Here's Looking at You, Kid";
7. 2 Python GUI Development Options;
7. 3 tkinter Overview;
7. 4 Climbing the GUI Learning Curve;
7. 5 tkinter Coding Alternatives;
7. 6 Adding Buttons and Callbacks;
7. 7 Adding User-Defined Callback Handlers;
7. 8 Adding Multiple Widgets;
7. 9 Customizing Widgets with Classes;
7. 10 Reusable GUI Components with Classes;
7. 11 The End of the Tutorial;
7. 12 Python/tkinter for Tcl/Tk Converts;
Chapter 8: A tkinter Tour, Part 1;
8. 1 "Widgets and Gadgets and GUIs, Oh My!";
8. 2 Configuring Widget Appearance;
8. 3 Top-Level Windows;
8. 4 Dialogs;
8. 5 Binding Events;
8. 6 Message and Entry;
8. 7 Checkbutton, Radiobutton, and Scale;
8. 8 Running GUI Code Three Ways;
8. 9 Images;
8. 10 Viewing and Processing Images with PIL;
Chapter 9: A tkinter Tour, Part 2;
9. 1 "On Today's Menu: Spam, Spam, and Spam";
9. 2 Menus;
9. 3 Listboxes and Scrollbars;
9. 4 Text;
9. 5 Canvas;
9. 6 Grids;
9. 7 Time Tools, Threads, and Animation;
9. 8 The End of the Tour;
Chapter 10: GUI Coding Techniques;
10. 1 "Building a Better Mousetrap";
10. 2 GuiMixin: Common Tool Mixin Classes;
10. 3 GuiMaker: Automating Menus and Toolbars;
10. 4 ShellGui: GUIs for Command-Line Tools;
10. 5 GuiStreams: Redirecting Streams to Widgets;
10. 6 Reloading Callback Handlers Dynamically;
10. 7 Wrapping Up Top-Level Window Interfaces;
10. 8 GUIs, Threads, and Queues;
10. 9 More Ways to Add GUIs to Non-GUI Code;
10. 10 The PyDemos and PyGadgets Launchers;
Chapter 11: Complete GUI Programs;
11. 1 "Python, Open Source, and Camaros";
11. 2 PyEdit: A Text Editor Program/Object;
11. 3 PyPhoto: An Image Viewer and Resizer;
11. 4 PyView: An Image and Notes Slideshow;
11. 5 PyDraw: Painting and Moving Graphics;
11. 6 PyClock: An Analog/Digital Clock Widget;
11. 7 PyToe: A Tic-Tac-Toe Game Widget;
11. 8 Where to Go from Here;
Internet Programming;
Chapter 12: Network Scripting;
12. 1 "Tune In, Log On, and Drop Out";
12. 2 Python Internet Development Options;
12. 3 Plumbing the Internet;
12. 4 Socket Programming;
12. 5 Handling Multiple Clients;
12. 6 Making Sockets Look Like Files and Streams;
12. 7 A Simple Python File Server;
Chapter 13: Client-Side Scripting;
13. 1 "Socket to Me!";
13. 2 FTP: Transferring Files over the Net;
13. 3 Transferring Files with ftplib;
13. 4 Transferring Directories with ftplib;
13. 5 Transferring Directory Trees with ftplib;
13. 6 Processing Internet Email;
13. 7 POP: Fetching Email;
13. 8 SMTP: Sending Email;
13. 9 email: Parsing and Composing Mail Content;
13. 10 A Console-Based Email Client;
13. 11 The mailtools Utility Package;
13. 12 NNTP: Accessing Newsgroups;
13. 13 HTTP: Accessing Websites;
13. 14 The urllib Package Revisited;
13. 15 Other Client-Side Scripting Options;
Chapter 14: The PyMailGUI Client;
14. 1 "Use the Source, Luke";
14. 2 Major PyMailGUI Changes;
14. 3 A PyMailGUI Demo;
14. 4 PyMailGUI Implementation;
14. 5 Ideas for Improvement;
Chapter 15: Server-Side Scripting;
15. 1 "Oh, What a Tangled Web We Weave";
15. 2 What's a Server-Side CGI Script? ;
15. 3 Running Server-Side Examples;
15. 4 Climbing the CGI Learning Curve;
15. 5 Saving State Information in CGI Scripts;
15. 6 The Hello World Selector;
15. 7 Refactoring Code for Maintainability;
15. 8 More on HTML and URL Escapes;
15. 9 Transferring Files to Clients and Servers;
Chapter 16: The PyMailCGI Server;
16. 1 "Things to Do When Visiting Chicago";
16. 2 The PyMailCGI Website;
16. 3 The Root Page;
16. 4 Sending Mail by SMTP;
16. 5 Reading POP Email;
16. 6 Processing Fetched Mail;
16. 7 Utility Modules;
16. 8 Web Scripting Trade-Offs;
Tools and Techniques;
Chapter 17: Databases and Persistence;
17. 1 "Give Me an Order of Persistence, but Hold the Pickles";
17. 2 Persistence Options in Python;
17. 3 DBM Files;
17. 4 Pickled Objects;
17. 5 Shelve Files;
17. 6 The ZODB Object-Oriented Database;
17. 7 SQL Database Interfaces;
17. 8 ORMs: Object Relational Mappers;
17. 9 PyForm: A Persistent Object Viewer (External);
Chapter 18: Data Structures;
18. 1 "Roses Are Red, Violets Are Blue; Lists Are Mutable, and So Is Set Foo";
18. 2 Implementing Stacks;
18. 3 Implementing Sets;
18. 4 Subclassing Built-in Types;
18. 5 Binary Search Trees;
18. 6 Graph Searching;
18. 7 Permuting Sequences;
18. 8 Reversing and Sorting Sequences;
18. 9 PyTree: A Generic Tree Object Viewer;
Chapter 19: Text and Language;
19. 1 "See Jack Hack. Hack, Jack, Hack";
19. 2 Strategies for Processing Text in Python;
19. 3 String Method Utilities;
19. 4 Regular Expression Pattern Matching;
19. 5 XML and HTML Parsing;
19. 6 Advanced Language Tools;
19. 7 Custom Language Parsers;
19. 8 PyCalc: A Calculator Program/Object;
Chapter 20: Python/C Integration;
20. 1 "I Am Lost at C";
20. 2 Extending Python in C: Overview;
20. 3 A Simple C Extension Module;
20. 4 The SWIG Integration Code Generator;
20. 5 Wrapping C Environment Calls;
20. 6 Wrapping C++ Classes with SWIG;
20. 7 Other Extending Tools;
20. 8 Embedding Python in C: Overview;
20. 9 Basic Embedding Techniques;
20. 10 Registering Callback Handler Objects;
20. 11 Using Python Classes in C;
20. 12 Other Integration Topics;
The End;
Chapter 21: Conclusion: Python and the Development Cycle;
21. 1 "That's the End of the Book, Now Here's the Meaning of Life";
21. 2 "Something's Wrong with the Way We Program Computers";
21. 3 The "Gilligan Factor";
21. 4 Doing the Right Thing;
21. 5 Enter Python;
21. 6 But What About That Bottleneck? ;
21. 7 On Sinking the Titanic;
21. 8 "So What's Python?": The Sequel;
21. 9 In the Final Analysis. . . ;
Colophon;
