Claude Bourgelat (1712 - 1779) was a distinguished French veterinary surgeon who left a significant mark on equine medicine and established the first veterinary school in Lyon, France, in 1761. His enduring contributions to the field were instrumental in laying the groundwork for the professionalization of veterinary science. Bourgelat's seminal work, 'A New System of Horsemanship' (published originally in French as 'Elémens d'hippiatrique', 1750-1753), not only showcases his extensive knowledge of horses but also reflects his innovative approach to equine care and management. In this book, Bourgelat offers a meticulous study of the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of horses, providing a comprehensive guide for horsemen and farriers. His literary style combines empirical observation with the practical aspects of horsemanship, earning him recognition as a pioneer in veterinary literature. Bourgelat's influence extended beyond his writings, as his educational model formed the basis for subsequent veterinary institutions across Europe. His legacy persists in modern veterinary practices, underscoring his stature as a foundational figure in the history of veterinary medicine.