W. Somerset Maugham (1874-1964) was a British novelist, playwright, and short story writer. Maugham studied medicine, later becoming a surgeon. In 1897, he published his first novel, Liza of Lambeth, which became so popular he took up writing full-time. By 1914, Maugham was famous, having published ten novels and produced ten plays. During World War I, he served as an ambulance driver-and occasional spy-and continued to write, publishing the controversial autobiographical novel Of Human Bondage (1915), one of his best-known works.