Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880) was a renowned French novelist, often regarded as one of the greatest writers in Western literature. Born in Rouen, France, Flaubert is best known for his meticulous style and his pioneering contributions to literary realism. His writing is characterized by a deep psychological insight, a sharp critique of bourgeois society, and a masterful command of language. Flaubert's dedication to the craft of writing is legendary; he was known to labor over every sentence, striving for perfection in form and structure. Flaubert's most famous work, Madame Bovary (1857), is a groundbreaking novel that portrays the tragic life of Emma Bovary, a woman trapped by her unfulfilled dreams and desires. This novel became a cornerstone of realist literature, focusing on the complexities of human emotions and societal expectations. Despite early controversy and even legal challenges for obscenity, Madame Bovary is now considered a masterpiece. In addition to Madame Bovary, Flaubert wrote other significant works such as Sentimental Education, Salammb , and the short story A Simple Soul, all of which reflect his concern with the human condition and society's flaws. Flaubert's influence on modern fiction is immense, inspiring writers like James Joyce and Marcel Proust.
