Antimicrobial Peptides and Innate Immunity

Antimicrobial peptides have been the subject of intense research in the past decades, and are now considered as an essential part of the defense system in bacteria, plants, animals and humans. his book provides an update on these effector molecules of the innate immune system both for researchers who are already actively involved in the area, and for those with a general interest in the topic.

The book starts with an overview of the evolution of cysteine-containing antimicrobial peptides (including defensins), and the role of these peptides in host defense in plants and micro-organisms. The realization that antimicrobial peptides also display functions distinct from their direct antimicrobial action is the focus of the next chapters, and puts these peptides center stage in immunity and wound repair. Further chapters discuss the role of antimicrobial peptides in disease, by providing an overview of mechanisms in bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides and a discussion of their role in inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Finally, the book shows how knowledge of the function of antimicrobial peptides and their regulation can be used to design new therapies for inflammatory and infectious disorders. This is a very important area of research because of the increase in resistance of micro-organisms to conventional antibiotics. Therefore the use of synthetic or recombinant peptides, or agents that stimulate the endogenous production of antimicrobial peptides, provides an attractive alternative for conventional antibiotics.

Evolution of Antimicrobial Peptides: a View From the Cystine Chapel. - Innate immunity in plants: the role of antimicrobial peptides. - Antimicrobial peptides produced by microorganisms. - LL-37: an immunomodulatory antimicrobial host defence peptide. - Wound Repair and Antimicrobial Peptides. - WAPing out pathogens and disease in the mucosa-roles for SLPI and trappin-2. - Histatins: multifunctional salivary antimicrobial peptides. - Structure-function relationships of antimicrobial chemokines. - Mechanisms and Significance of Bacterial Resistance to Human Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides. - Antimicrobial peptides and inflammatory bowel disease. - Cystic Fibrosis and Defective Airway Innate Immunity. - Antimicrobial peptides in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. - Host defense peptides: Immune modulation and antimicrobial activity in vivo. - Helping the host induction of antimicrobial peptides as a novel therapeutic strategy against infections.