This volume is the first in a series entitled Conservation Ecology: Principles, Practices and Management, a theme which Elsevier's pioneer ing journal Biological Conservation has promoted since its foundation thirty-three years ago. The science of conservation ecology is now widely acknowledged as an essential component in the planning and develop ment of activities which change or modify our natural environment. Nevertheless in spite of much research and publicity, there is still a wide gap between theory and practice. Today it is especially important to try to bridge this gap by interpreting the results of ecological research so that they are understandable and relevant to a wide range of land managers, agriculturalists, foresters, and those working in the many categories of protected areas. The volumes in this series are designed to fulfil this purpose, and also to play an important educational role for students of the environmental sciences in schools, universities and other institutions.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 Introduction: Applied Ecological Principles and their Implementation in Nature.- Conservation.- 2 Conservation of Communities The Importance of Edges, Surroundings and Landscape Mosaic Structure.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Definitions.- 2.3. Swedish landscape types.- 2.4. Local and regional manifestations of edge-effects.- 2.5. Landscapemanagement.- 2.6. Management implications.- 2.7. A plea for the future.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 3 Conservation of Plant and Animal Populations in Theory and Practice.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Species extinctions.- 3.3. The importance of population size.- 3.4. The importance of habitat area.- 3.5. The importance of species interactions.- 3.6. Disturbance regimes and habitat quality.- 3.7. Conclusions.- References.- 4 Conservation of Genetic Variation in Plants The Importance of Population Size and Gene Flow.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Some basic population genetics.- 4.3. Effects of genetic substructuring of plant populations.- 4.4. `The real world measures of population structure and gene flow.- 4.5. Discussion.- 4.6. Conclusions and further research needs.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 5 The Ecology of Dispersal in Relation to Conservation.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Bryophytes and lichens.- 5.3. Insects.- 5.4. Small mammals.- 5.5 General conclusions.- References.- 6 Archipelagoes and Theories of Insularity.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Theories of insularity.- 6.3. Scandinavian case studies.- 6.4. Implications for conservation.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Boreal Forests The Focal Habitats of Fennoscandia.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Biotic zonation.- 7.3. The natural forest.- 7.4. Man s impact.- 7.5. Effects of forestry on the fauna and flora.- 7.6. Conservation strategies for the future.-Acknowledgements.- References.- 8 Forested and Open Wetland Complexes.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Definitions.- 8.3. Environmental factors.- 8.4. Disturbance history.- 8.5. Species changes.- 8.6. The future.- 8.7. Case studies.- 8.8. Signifìcance of wet forests and wetlands in a landscape context.- 8.9. Recommendations.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 9 Conservation Management of Riparian Communities.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. The system.- 9.3. Pattern and process in riparian habitats.- 9.4. Conservation.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 10 Forests in the Temperate-Boreal Transition Natural and Man-Made Features.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. Landscape changes and vegetation history.- 10.3. Vegetation dynamics.- 10.4. Forestry and forest processes.- 10.5. Acidification and pollution new threats to hemiboreal forests.- 10.6. Animal communities.- 10.7. Conclusions with conservation recommendations 388 References.- 11 Conservation Biology in Agricultural Habitat Islands.- 11.1. Introduction.- 11.2. Case studies.- 11.3. General conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- Epilogue.
