This book is the first comprehensive examination of the influence of Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy on the development of psychotherapy and his role as a pioneer of this young discipline. In addition to examining Nietzsche's philosophy from a psychotherapeutic perspective, the connections to the influential figures of psychoanalysis (Freud, Adler, Jung) and Viktor Frankl, the founder of logotherapy and existential analysis, are examined. This work deals in detail with existential analysis according to Alfried Längle and with an existential-analytical perspective on Nietzschean thought.