The Right Book at the Right Time The poxviruses comprise a family of complex DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of vertebrate or invertebrate cells. Of the eight recognized g- era of vertebrate poxviruses, those belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus have been most intensively studied. This group includes variola virus, the agent of smallpox, as well as cowpox virus and vaccinia virus. Jenner's original sma- pox vaccine, described in 1798, consisted of live cowpox virus, but vaccinia virus later replaced it (1). There has been speculation as to the origin of v- cinia virus; the most likely idea is that it is a separate species, possibly ori- nally isolated from a horse, and is now extinct or rare in nature (2). Recent genome sequencing studies confirm the distinctness of variola virus, cowpox virus, and vaccinia virus and also their very close genetic relationship, which accounts for the cross protection of smallpox vaccines. The novelty of the smallpox vaccine can be readily appreciated by the time it took, about 80 years, before the next live vaccine against rabies was developed, and another 50 years for the yellow fever vaccine. Moreover, the eradication of smallpox in 1977 stands as a unique medical achievement. Because of its historical role, sma- pox vaccination contributed greatly to present concepts of infectious disease, immunity, and pathogenesis. Less well known, however, are the many other "firsts" for vaccinia virus.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
"Working Safely with Vaccinia Virus: Laboratory Technique and the Role of Vaccinia Vaccination
Stuart N. Isaacs
Construction and Isolation of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Using Genetic Markers
María M. Lorenzo, Inmaculada Galindo, and Rafael Blasco
Construction of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus: Cloning into the Thymidine Kinase Locus
Chelsea M. Byrd and Dennis E. Hruby
Transient and Inducible Expression of Vaccinia/T7 Recombinant Viruses
Mohamed Ragaa Mohamed and Edward G. Niles
Construction of Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses Using Leporipoxvirus-Catalyzed Recombination and Reactivation of Orthopoxvirus DNA, Xiao-Dan Yao and David H. Evans
Construction of cDNA Libraries in Vaccinia Virus
Ernest S. Smith, Shuying Shi, and Maurice Zauderer
Construction and Isolation of Recombinant MVA
Caroline Staib, Ingo Drexler, and Gerd Sutter
Growing Poxviruses and Determining Virus Titer
Girish J. Kotwal and Melissa-Rose Abrahams
Rapid Preparation of Vaccinia Virus DNA Template for Analysis and Cloning by PCR
Rachel L. Roper
Orthopoxvirus Diagnostics
Hermann Meyer, Inger K. Damon, and Joseph J. Esposito
An In Vitro Transcription System for Studying Vaccinia Virus Early Genes
Steven S. Broyles and Marcia Kremer
An In Vitro Transcription System for Studying Vaccinia Virus Late Genes
Cynthia F. Wright
Studying Vaccinia Virus RNA Processing In Vitro
Paul D. Gershon
Methods for Analysis of Poxvirus DNA Replication
Paula Traktman and Kathleen Boyle
Studying the Binding and Entry of the Intracellular and Extracellular Enveloped Forms of Vaccinia Virus
Mansun Law and Geoffrey L. Smith
Pox, Dyes, and Videotape: Making Movies of GFP-Labeled Vaccinia Virus
Brian M. Ward
Interaction Analysis of Viral Cytokine-Binding Proteins Using Surface P
